Caffeine is one of the key ingredients in coffee, responsible for its stimulating effects. However, the amount of caffeine in coffee can vary significantly depending on many factors, such as the type of bean, brewing method, and serving size. In this article, we'll take a detailed look at the caffeine content in different types of coffee, how preparation affects its concentration, and how caffeine affects the body.

What is caffeine?

Caffeine is a natural alkaloid that acts as a nervous system stimulant. It can be found in various plants, including coffee, tea, cocoa, and yerba mate. Its main function is to block adenosine receptors in the brain, reducing fatigue and improving concentration.

The amount of caffeine in different types of coffee

The caffeine content of coffee depends on many factors, including the type of bean, the brewing method, and the amount of coffee used. Below is an approximate estimate of the caffeine content in various types of coffee drinks:

• Espresso (30 ml) – 60-80 mg of caffeine

• Filter coffee (250 ml) – 95-200 mg caffeine

• Instant coffee (250 ml) – 30-90 mg caffeine

• Cold brew (250 ml) – 150-240 mg caffeine

• Decaffeinated coffee (250 ml) – 2-5 mg caffeine

The influence of brewing method on caffeine content

How much caffeine does espresso-brewed coffee have, and how much does drip-dripping coffee have? The key to determining the caffeine content of coffee lies in the preparation method. The high water temperature used to brew coffee accelerates the caffeine extraction process, resulting in a more intense caffeine experience and faster absorption. Another factor is the brewing time, or extraction. The longer it takes, the more caffeine is absorbed into the drink. French presses, drippers, and Chemex are all great choices for a coffee with a high caffeine content.

• Espresso – prepared under high pressure, it contains a large amount of caffeine in a small volume. However, the espresso shot is smaller than a traditional coffee, which means the overall amount of caffeine per cup is lower than in drip coffee.

• French Press – the longer contact time between water and coffee means that the drink may contain more caffeine than classic espresso.

• Cold brew – coffee macerated cold for several to a dozen or so hours has a very high caffeine content because the extraction takes a long time.

• AeroPress – this method allows for controlled extraction, allowing for different caffeine levels to be obtained depending on the brewing time.

Type and degree of coffee roasting and caffeine content

Not only the brewing method, but also the type of coffee and its roasting level influence the amount of caffeine.

• Arabica vs. Robusta – Arabica contains less caffeine (approximately 1.2–1.5%) than Robusta (2.2–2.7%). Therefore, coffees with a blend of Robusta have a higher caffeine content.

• Roast Level – While it's commonly believed that darker roasts contain less caffeine than lighter ones, the differences are subtle. Darker roasts result in only a slight loss of caffeine, but the beans are also lighter, so a cup may contain more caffeine per unit volume.

How does caffeine affect the body?

Caffeine consumption has both benefits and potential side effects.

Benefits:

• Improving concentration and reducing fatigue

• Increasing physical performance

• Acceleration of metabolism

• May reduce the risk of some neurodegenerative diseases

Side effects of excessive consumption:

• Insomnia and sleep problems

• Nervousness and hand tremors

• Increased blood pressure

• Stomach problems

A safe daily dose of caffeine for an adult is approximately 400 mg, which is equivalent to 4-5 cups of standard filter coffee. However, it's important to remember that caffeine sensitivity varies from person to person, and not everyone can tolerate this amount.

Summary

The caffeine content in coffee depends on many factors, such as the type of bean, the brewing method, and the roast level. Knowing this allows you to consciously control your caffeine intake and adjust it to your preferences and body's needs.

Regardless of whether we drink coffee for stimulation or for the taste, it is worth knowing the basic differences between the various brewing methods to fully enjoy its properties.