Specialty coffee is a segment of the coffee market characterized by the highest quality beans, attention to detail at every stage of production, and a unique sensory profile.

A key tool in assessing the quality of specialty coffee is the SCA (Specialty Coffee Association) scale, which allows for the objective evaluation and classification of beans. In this article, we will explain how the SCA scale works, what criteria are considered during evaluation, and what certifications are important in the world of specialty coffee.

What is the SCA scale?

The SCA scale is an international standard for assessing coffee quality, enabling professional tasters (Q Graders) to conduct precise sensory analysis. The scale is based on a scoring system ranging from 0 to 100, with coffees scoring at least 80 points considered specialty.

SCA Coffee Assessment Process

Coffee evaluation begins with cupping, or professional tasting. During cupping, experts analyze various coffee attributes, awarding points in specific categories:

1. Aroma – the smell of freshly ground coffee and its brew.

2. Taste – complexity, intensity and quality of taste sensations.

3. Aftertaste – the durability and quality of the aftertaste remaining after swallowing the coffee.

4. Acidity – the intensity and quality of acidic flavor notes.

5. Body – mouthfeel, consistency and fullness of the infusion.

6. Balance – harmony between individual sensory characteristics.

7. Cleanliness of the cup – no defects in taste.

8. Sweetness – natural sweetness resulting from the ripeness of the grains.

9. Uniformity – consistency of sensory impressions from cup to cup.

10. Overall impression – subjective assessment of the taster.

Each category is scored on a scale of 6 to 10 points, with quarter-points possible (e.g., 8.25). Scores are added together, and any points for defects are subtracted from the final score.

Point thresholds and coffee classification

• 90-100 points – Outstanding coffee

• 85-89.99 points – Excellent coffee

• 80-84.99 points – Very Good coffee

• below 80 points – the coffee does not qualify as specialty

The importance of certificates in specialty coffee

While the SCA rating is crucial, consumers are increasingly paying attention to certifications confirming the quality and responsible origin of coffee. The most important of these include:

• Organic certification confirms that the coffee comes from organic farming, where no synthetic pesticides or chemical fertilizers are used. Organic production promotes biodiversity and soil health, which impacts the quality and flavor of the beans.

• Fair Trade guarantees fair trading conditions and fair wages for producers. This allows farmers to invest in the development of their plantations, improving living conditions, and educating themselves. By purchasing Fair Trade certified coffee, we support communities in developing countries.

• Rainforest Alliance – demonstrates sustainable crop management and environmental protection. Plantations with this certification prioritize rainforest conservation, biodiversity, and working conditions. This certification also supports efforts to combat climate change.

• Direct Trade – This represents direct cooperation between the roaster and the plantation. This trading model increases transparency, allows for better control of bean quality, and guarantees fair prices for producers. This direct relationship also fosters knowledge exchange and the improvement of production processes.

For consumers, choosing coffee with appropriate certifications is not only a guarantee of quality but also an expression of concern for the environment, the producer community, and the transparency of production processes. Certifications are becoming an increasingly important element in building trust in brands and their social responsibility.

Why does the SCA scale matter to consumers?

For coffee lovers, the SCA scale is not only a guarantee of quality but also the assurance that the beans come from properly cared-for plantations, and that the processing and roasting processes were carried out with the utmost care. By purchasing coffee with a high SCA rating, consumers are investing in a product with a unique flavor profile and high sensory value.

Choose quality coffee

The SCA scale is a reliable rating system that allows us to distinguish specialty coffee from average products. Combined with appropriate certifications, it provides a guide for conscious consumers seeking the highest quality and ethically sourced beans. Therefore, it's worth paying attention to the SCA rating and certifications, which together guarantee an exceptional taste experience and a responsible choice.